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News May 2025

Important notice to our Clients and Contacts: Beware of impersonation emails

5 May 2025 – It has come to our attention that some companies in Bulgaria have received unauthorised fraudulent emails falsely claiming to originate from Kinstellar's Sofia office. Th is appears to be part of an illegal scam (fraudulent impersonation) campaign. We assure you that these fraudulent emails did not come from our official Kinstellar domain and have nothing to do with our Firm. Our IT and Risk & Compliance teams are giving this matter their highest priority and are actively investigating the issue. We are bringing this matter to the relevant authorities. Importantly, this illegal scam campaign appears to have been sent from various email accounts. Please verify the sender's

Insights May 2025

Business Alert: Key amendments to the Bulgarian Whistleblowing Act

On 9 May 2025, the Bulgarian State Gazette published important amendments to the Bulgarian Whistleblowing Act, further aligning the national legal framework with Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 on the protection of persons who report breaches of EU law. These amendments aim to strengthen the protection of individuals reporting breaches of both Bulgarian and EU law, while promoting greater transparency and accountability. The key amendments affecting companies include: 1. Restrictions on shared internal reporting channels within the private sector The amendments eliminate the existing possibility for private sector companies within the same economic group

Insights May 2025

Amendment to the Slovak Act on Information Technologies in Public Administration

The Ministry of Investments, Regional Development and Informatization of the Slovak Republic has submitted a proposal to amend the Act on Information Technologies in Public Administration. Its aim is to strengthen the management of the state's digital assets, increase cybersecurity resilience, and introduce clear rules for the use of artificial intelligence in public administration. From the state's perspective, this is an ambitious reform, but for IT solution suppliers, it introduces numerous negative consequences that fundamentally change the existing contractual practices and business environment. Below is a summary of the key changes and their practical impacts on businesses. 1. Special copyright regime for public

Deals May 2025

Kinstellar advises Baiterek on debut USD 500 million Eurobond issuance

Kinstellar has successfully advised "Baiterek" National Managing Holding in connection with its debut issuance of senior unsecured Eurobonds in an amount of up to USD 500,000,000, under Regulation S / Rule 144A. The bonds are listed on the London Stock Exchange's International Securities Market (ISM), the Vienna MTF of Wiener Börse, and the Kazakhstan Stock Exchange. Baiterek is Kazakhstan's primary state-owned development institution, tasked with implementing government economic policy and supporting sustainable development through the financing of key sectors of the Kazakhstan economy. This landmark transaction represents a significant step in Baiterek's access to international capital markets, further

Insights May 2025

NBU revises currency restrictions: Support for businesses and targeted enhancement of currency supervision

On 9 May 2025 the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) published new amendments to existing currency restrictions introduced in February 2022, following the launch of Russia's full-scale invasion. The revised regulatory provisions are aimed at creating a more favourable environment for attracting foreign capital, while maintaining effective controls over foreign currency flows. Click on one of the images below or use the following links to read our overview in English or in Ukrainian. Download in English: Download in Ukrainian:

Deals May 2025

Kinstellar supports Banca Intesa with the launch of mini bonds in Serbia

We are delighted to report that Kinstellar's Belgrade office provided legal support in preparing the complete set of documentation for Banca Intesa AD Beograd, as part of the bank's introduction of mini bonds, a new financing tool designed to support Serbian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) via capital markets. This innovative initiative enables SMEs to access alternative financing, diversify their capital sources and secure funding for expansion, innovation and growth, without depending solely on traditional bank loans. Following its success in Italy and Croatia, Banca Intesa is now extending the mini bond initiative to Serbia, offering new financing opportunities for local businesses. The Kinstellar

Deals May 2025

Kinstellar Bratislava secures win for Magna Slovteca

Kinstellar's dispute resolution team in Bratislava successfully represented Magna Slovteca in two separate legal disputes brought by suppliers seeking additional compensation based on unsubstantiated invoices. In both cases, the suppliers claimed alleged entitlement to supplementary compensation arising from their business relationship with Magna Slovteca. However, the claims lacked both legal merit and factual basis. Kinstellar convincingly demonstrated to the Slovak courts in both instances that the disputed invoices were unfounded and did not reflect any legitimate contractual entitlement.The courts fully dismissed both claims, and the rulings are now final and binding. Additionally, the claimants were ordered to reimburse

Deals May 2025

Kinstellar advises on the financial close of Central Asia’s largest healthcare PPP project in Kazakhstan

Kinstellar is delighted to announce the successful financial close of a landmark public-private partnership (PPP) healthcare initiative in Kokshetau, Kazakhstan. This transformative project, which marks a first for the region in healthcare PPPs, has secured a EUR 365 million financing package, spearheaded by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), alongside key contributors Proparco, ICD, DEG, and the Development Bank of Kazakhstan (DBK). After months of legal structuring, negotiations, and due diligence, the project has officially reached financial close. This milestone unlocks the next phase - the commencement of construction on the 630-bed medical

Deals May 2025

Kinstellar advises on the Romanian law aspects of the recent financing for Polon-Alfa

Kinstellar is pleased to announce that it has advised on the Romanian legal aspects of the recent financing for Polon-Alfa, a portfolio company of Argan Capital, on the establishment of a new continuation fund managed by Argan Capital and the full refinancing of Polon-Alfa's existing debt. Kinstellar worked alongside Baker McKenzie Poland, which acted as lead counsel on the transaction. Polon-Alfa is a leading manufacturer of fire detection and alarm systems, with a strong presence across Central and Eastern Europe. With a diverse product range and a focus on safety technology, the company serves both industrial and commercial sectors in multiple markets. The financing was secured through P Capital Partners

About us

Kinstellar acts as trusted legal counsel to leading investors across Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), Southeast Europe (SEE) and Central Asia. Our reputation for quality, excellence and integrity speaks for itself.

With offices in 12 jurisdictions and over 300 local and international lawyers, we deliver consistent, joined-up legal advice and assistance across diverse regional markets – together with the know-how and experience to champion your interests while minimising exposure to risk.

Our clients include leading international and regional corporations, banks and other financial institutions, state bodies, multi-lateral institutions, and international law firms with clients that require top-quality legal counsel in our jurisdictions. We handle the most important and complex assignments for clients across diverse industries and business sectors.

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*2024 rankings in core practice areas in international legal directories (Chambers & Partners, Legal 500, IFLR1000)

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With expert local knowledge and a track record at the international level, our lawyers provide top-tier advice and client service in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), Southeast Europe (SEE) and Central Asia.

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Meet us in #London this week, at the EBRD 2025 Annual Meeting and Business Forum! 🌍 👉 On 13-15 May, our team of experts will join EBRD’s flagship annual event focusing on global and regional economic priorities. This year with the theme “Expanding Horizons, Enduring Strengths”, the event will revolve around the Bank’s five-year strategy, Ukraine’s reconstruction, global economic challenges, and investment opportunities across the region. ✨ Our team on the ground: Ferenczi Kristóf, Firm Managing Partner Csilla Andreko, Partner, Hungary, Firm-wide Co-Head of Banking & Finance  Daniel Bilak, Partner, Ukraine Illya Muchnyk, Partner, Ukraine Sher Yunusov, Partner, Uzbekistan We’re looking forward to connect in London! #ExceptionalTogether #InTheKnow #EBRD2025 #EBRDam #MeetUs #Conference #Geopolitics #Economics

🇪🇺 📢 European Commission issues first in-depth decision on the foreign subsidies regulation 📑 The European Commission published its landmark decision in the e& / PPF case — the first in-depth ruling under the foreign subsidies regulation. The decision provides critical insight into how the European Commission interprets foreign subsidies and market distortions. Importantly, the implications go far beyond state-related undertakings considering that private equity firms account for one third of all notifications. The case concerned Emirates Telecommunications Group (e&) acquiring PPF Telecom’s network and infrastructure businesses in #Slovakia, #Hungary, #Bulgaria, and #Serbia. Following a Phase II investigation, the Commission approved the deal subject to commitments addressing foreign subsidy concerns and potential market distortions. 🔍 Key takeaways for dealmakers: This decision is a clear signal to dealmakers and investors, particularly those backed by non-EU governments or sovereign funds. ✔️ Plan ahead – build in sufficient time for potential FSR review ✔️ Be vigilant during the acquisition process – purchase price valuation may be assessed ✔️ Assess foreign financial contributions early ✔️ Ensure transparency and robust documentation throughout the deal process 📖 Read more about the Commission’s decision and what it means for your business: https://lnkd.in/dAHrpkx2 #ExceptionalTogether #InTheKnow #ForeignSubsidyRegulation #MergersAndAcquisitions #PrivateEquity #EUCompetitionLaw #FSR #Telecom #Compliance #RegulatoryUpdates

Meet us at Vienna Arbitration Days 2025! 🎉 🌍 Join us today and tomorrow at this renowned conference, where leading arbitration experts come together to discuss the traditional and innovative approaches to dispute resolution, in line with this year’s special theme, “Orchestrating efficiency in arbitration: A symphony of modern solutions to the classic challenge”. We’re proud to be represented by: 👇 Radim Kotrba, Managing Associate (#Prague) and Firm-wide Co-Head of Dispute Resolution, József dr. Antal, Special Counsel (#Budapest), and Michal Hrušovský, Managing Associate (#Bratislava). 🤝 They’re looking forward to connect with fellow practitioners and exchange fresh perspectives. Learn more about the event: https://lnkd.in/ge5gSEG #ExceptionalTogether #MeetUs #InTheKnow #Vienna #VAD2024 #VAD #Arbitration #DisputeResolution #ViennArbitrationDays2025

📢 🇭🇺 We are proud to have advised MVM, Hungary’s leading state-owned energy group, on the sale of its telecoms subsidiary, MVM NET, to Pro-M. MVM NET is a key player in Hungary’s telecoms market, operating a nationwide infrastructure that delivers critical communications services to the energy sector and public institutions. 🔍 “This achievement is a testament not only to the dedication and professionalism of our team, but also to the unwavering commitment and strategic focus demonstrated by our client throughout the process which were critical in driving the transaction to a timely and successful closing.” said Gábor Gelencsér, Partner and Head of Corporate and M&A in our Budapest office. 💼 Our team was led by Gábor Gelencsér (Partner), with key support from László Palócz (Counsel) and Aron Barta (Managing Associate). 🔗 Read more here: https://lnkd.in/djDYPDQv #ExceptionalTogether #MergersAndAcquisitions #CorporateLaw #Hungary #DoneDeals #Telecommunications #EnergyLaw

We are proud to have co-organized this flagship event for M&A professionals yesterday at the Haus der Industrie in Vienna, offering insights into the current state of the Austrian M&A market, with a special spotlight on the Energy sector. 

📣 Our Franchising Law Handbook is now available! 📘 We are pleased to release the Franchising Law Handbook, our comprehensive guide on franchising law, developed by our IP and Competition law experts across multiple jurisdictions. The initiative was led by Partner Natalia Kirichenko to support businesses navigating the increasingly complex and fast-evolving legislation in this field. 🌍 👉 Access the guide here: https://lnkd.in/dBZ6sA7B 📌 The Handbook offers practical insights into key legal frameworks and regulatory requirements. It is designed to serve as a hands-on tool—whether you are launching a franchise, expanding internationally, or managing cross-border compliance challenges. The guide reflects our direct experience advising clients on structuring and negotiating franchise agreements, protecting intellectual property, managing disputes, and ensuring regulatory compliance. Our team is here to support the growth and protection of your franchise operations. Please contact Natalia Kirichenko to learn how we can assist with your franchising needs. 📩 #ExceptionalTogether #InTheKnow #Franchise #FranchisingLaw #Handbook #FranchisingLawHandbook #IP #CompetitionLaw #IPLaw

🇺🇦 🇷🇴 As we commemorate Victory in Europe Day, honouring the millions who sacrificed their lives to defeat tyranny in WWII, we are deeply reminded that peace and security are never guaranteed—they must be protected. This week we were proud to support the #GICA 2025 Spring #Conference “Industrial Cooperation in Times of Global Uncertainty” in #Bucharest – a leading defence and security event. Industry and government leaders, along with sector experts shared insights into their countries’ efforts to strengthen the defence sector in response to the increasingly challenging global security environment. 🎤 Daniel Bilak, Partner in our Kyiv office, was invited to speak on the localization of war production within the Ukrainian defence sector. He highlighted how Ukraine’s response to the war—together with that of its allies—has transformed the global defence industry's approach to offsets. His key takeaways include: 🔹 Ukraine’s Defence Industrial Base (#DIB) is rising fast—from $3B in 2021 to an expected $35B capacity in 2025 and requires international partnerships to meet demand. 🔹 Offset agreements, once standard, now require reinvention to deliver real value—co-production, IP transfers, and R&D, where weapons suppliers take much more “skin in the game” in terms of building a customer’s defence industrial base. 🔹 Innovation is driving software-defined warfare: drones, autonomous systems, and AI-driven technologies are making traditional heavy hardware vulnerable and increasingly obsolete, resulting in shifting procurement priorities. 🔹 Tech players in this area, like Helsing, Palantir, Auterion, and Anduril are challenging legacy primes, proving that agility and software-defined capabilities are the future of warfare. As a result, tie-ups between traditional “primes” and the new “tech primes” will be the future of military solutions offered to customers. 🔹 Ukraine’s warfare experience, industrial potential, and operational insights are essential to Europe’s defence resilience. 📞 Connect with Daniel Bilak for your #Defence sector needs—and invest in #Ukraine! #ExceptionalTogether #GICA2025 #InTheKnow #DefenceIndustry #WarProduction #InnovationInDefence #DefenceTechnology #UkraineReconstruction #RebuildUkraine #SlavaUkraini

We were pleased to see Philipp Kapl (Partner, Vienna) from our Corporate/M&A team contributed to the recent CEST Sector Focus – Defence panel, offering valuable insights alongside industry leaders into one of the most dynamic sectors in today’s M&A landscape.

🎬 The tariff war has crossed over to the film industry – what now? The U.S. announced a decision that could reshape the global film industry: the administration proposed a 100% tariff on all movies produced outside the United States. The details are not yet known, but the new tariff is prone to have major implications in the industry in our jurisdictions such as #Czechia, #Croatia, #Hungary, #Serbia, and #Slovakia — all popular destinations for U.S. production companies. 💡 Read the short article written by Petr Bratský, Managing Associate (Prague) and Firm-wide Co-Head of Interactive Entertainment & Gaming, and Anna Marciano, Associate (Prague), who shed a light on the most burning questions and possible implications of the decision: https://lnkd.in/dAc7WNi5 #ExceptionalTogether #InTheKnow #FilmIndustry #Tariffs #EntertainmentLaw #CEE #FilmTariff #LegalInsights